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<a name = "hj-top"> </a><table class = "table1" id = "table11"><tr><td><table class = "DocHeader"><tr><td class = "DocHeader1" colspan = "2"><h1>Reaction and Internal Heat Flux</h1></td></tr><tr><td class = "DocHeader4" colspan = "2"/></tr><tr><td class = "DocHeader3" colspan = "2"><table class = "DocThemeIntro" id = "table12"><tr><td class = "Intro1Only"><p class = "header"><p class = "abstract">
<span class = "shortdesc">This section describes how the reaction and internal heat flux design responses are defined.</span>

</p>
<p>This page discusses: </p><ul><li><a href = "#tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-anaType" id = "toc_rg" title = "">Analysis Types: Thermal Analysis </a></li><li><a href = "#tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-rmk" id = "toc_rg" title = "">Remarks</a></li><li><a href = "#tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-def" id = "toc_rg" title = "">Definition</a></li></ul>
</p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>




<div class = "body conbody">
<table class = "table"><caption/><colgroup><col/><col/></colgroup><thead class = "thead">
<tr class = "row">
<th class = "entry" id = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__entry__1"><p>Parameter Name</p></th>
<th class = "entry" id = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__entry__2"><p>Formula</p></th>
</tr>
</thead><tbody class = "tbody">
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__entry__1"><p>INTERNAL_HFLUX</p></td>
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__entry__2"><p><span class = "ph inlineequation"><math class = "- topic/foreign "><mrow class = "- topic/foreign "><munder class = "- topic/foreign "><mo class = "- topic/foreign ">∑</mo><mrow class = "- topic/foreign "><mi class = "- topic/foreign ">e</mi></mrow></munder></mrow><mrow class = "- topic/foreign "><munder class = "- topic/foreign "><mo class = "- topic/foreign ">∑</mo><mrow class = "- topic/foreign "><mi class = "- topic/foreign ">n</mi></mrow></munder></mrow><mrow class = "- topic/foreign "><msub class = "- topic/foreign "><mrow class = "- topic/foreign "><mi class = "- topic/foreign ">Q</mi></mrow><mrow class = "- topic/foreign "><mi class = "- topic/foreign ">e,n</mi></mrow></msub></mrow><mrow class = "- topic/foreign "><mo class = "- topic/foreign ">-</mo><mi class = "- topic/foreign ">q</mi></mrow></math></span></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__entry__1"><p>REACTION_HFLUX</p></td>
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__entry__2"><p><span class = "ph inlineequation"><math class = "- topic/foreign "><mrow class = "- topic/foreign "><mi class = "- topic/foreign ">q</mi></mrow></math></span></p></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>with 
<span class = "ph inlineequation"><math class = "- topic/foreign "><mrow class = "- topic/foreign "><mrow class = "- topic/foreign "><mi class = "- topic/foreign ">q</mi></mrow></mrow></math></span>
as the thermal reaction load at the boundary where the prescribed temperature is applied and
<span class = "ph inlineequation"><math class = "- topic/foreign "><mrow class = "- topic/foreign "><msub class = "- topic/foreign "><mrow class = "- topic/foreign "><mi class = "- topic/foreign ">Q</mi></mrow><mrow class = "- topic/foreign "><mi class = "- topic/foreign ">e</mi><mi class = "- topic/foreign ">,</mi><mi class = "- topic/foreign ">n</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>
the internal load at the element e and DOF n.
</p>

<div class = "section" id = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-anaType"><h2 class = "title sectiontitle">Analysis Types: Thermal Analysis </h2>

<p> The reaction fluxes and internal fluxes can be used to gain precise control over thermal optimization results.
	Reaction flux will occur at boundary regions where the temperature is prescribed. This is analogous to the reaction force in structural optimization.
	Internal flux must be specified using a specific element and degree of freedom. This is analogous to internal force response in structural optimization.</p>
<p>	The following table shows the allowed combinations between
	strategy and the items <code class = "ph codeph">OBJ_FUNC</code> and <code class = "ph codeph">CONSTRAINT</code>
    with C for controller-based optimization and S for sensitivity-based optimization.</p>
<table class = "table"><caption/><colgroup><col/><col/><col/><col/><col/></colgroup><thead class = "thead">
<tr class = "row">
<th class = "entry" id = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-anaType__entry__1"/>
<th class = "entry" id = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-anaType__entry__2"><p>TOPO</p></th>
<th class = "entry" id = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-anaType__entry__3"><p>SHAPE</p></th>
<th class = "entry" id = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-anaType__entry__4"><p>BEAD</p></th>
<th class = "entry" id = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-anaType__entry__5"><p>SIZING</p></th>
</tr>
</thead><tbody class = "tbody">
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-anaType__entry__1"><p>OBJ_FUNC</p></td>
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-anaType__entry__2"><p>S</p></td>
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-anaType__entry__3"/>
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-anaType__entry__4"/>
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-anaType__entry__5"/>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-anaType__entry__1"><p>CONSTRAINT</p></td>
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-anaType__entry__2"><p>S</p></td>
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-anaType__entry__3"/>
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-anaType__entry__4"/>
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-anaType__entry__5"/>
</tr>
</tbody></table>

</div>

<div class = "section" id = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-rmk"><p><map name = "FPMap1"><area href = "#hj-top" title = "Back to Top" shape = "rect" coords = "416, 0, 435, 10"/></map><span class = "itemsprite"/></p><h2 class = "title sectiontitle">Remarks</h2>

<ol class = "ol">
<li class = "li">Only nodes of the node group (<code class = "ph codeph">ND_GROUP</code>) will be applied in the calculation
    of the reaction and internal heat flux.</li>
</ol>
</div>

 
<div class = "section" id = "tso-c-usr-terms-thermal-flux__tso-c-usr-terms-flux-def"><p><map name = "FPMap1"><area href = "#hj-top" title = "Back to Top" shape = "rect" coords = "416, 0, 435, 10"/></map><span class = "itemsprite"/></p><h2 class = "title sectiontitle">Definition</h2>

<p>The design responses (<code class = "ph codeph">DRESP</code>) for REACTION_HFLUX and INTERNAL_HFLUX are defined like:</p>
<pre class = "codeblock">
<code class = "ph codeph">
DRESP
 ID_NAME  = DRESP_REACTION_HFLUX
 DEF_TYPE = SYSTEM
 TYPE     = REACTION_HFLUX
 ND_GROUP = <var class = "keyword varname varname">node_group</var>
END_

DRESP
 ID_NAME  = DRESP_INTERNAL_HFLUX
 DEF_TYPE = SYSTEM
 TYPE     = INTERNAL_HFLUX
 ND_GROUP = <var class = "keyword varname varname">node_group</var>
 EL_GROUP = <var class = "keyword varname varname">element_group</var>
END_
</code>
</pre>
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