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<a name = "hj-top"> </a><table class = "table1" id = "table11"><tr><td><table class = "DocHeader"><tr><td class = "DocHeader1" colspan = "2"><h1>Remarks for Sensitivity-Based Optimizations</h1></td></tr><tr><td class = "DocHeader4" colspan = "2"/></tr><tr><td class = "DocHeader3" colspan = "2"><table class = "DocThemeIntro" id = "table12"><tr><td class = "Intro1Only"><p class = "header"><p class = "abstract">
<span class = "shortdesc">Within this section, some remarks concerning sensitivity-based
optimization are summarized. </span>

</p>
<p>This page discusses: </p><ul><li><a href = "#tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt-accel" id = "toc_rg" title = "">Prescribed Accelerations for Sensitivity-Based Optimization Using <span class = "ph">Tosca</span> Response Values and Sensitivities</a></li><li><a href = "#tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt-mpi" id = "toc_rg" title = "">Multi CPU-Processors (MPI) in Combination with Sensitivity-Based Topology Optimization</a></li><li><a href = "#tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt-nonlin" id = "toc_rg" title = "">Nonlinear Sensitivity-Based Optimizations (<span class = "ph">ANSYS®</span> 14 Required)</a></li></ul>
</p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>




<div class = "body conbody">
<div class = "section" id = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt-accel"><h2 class = "title sectiontitle">Prescribed Accelerations for Sensitivity-Based Optimization Using <span class = "ph">Tosca</span> Response Values and Sensitivities</h2>

<p>
Prescribed acceleration loading is often caused by gravity fields, centrifugal loading, and
rotary acceleration loads. This chapter defines which kinds of acceleration types for the <span class = "ph">ANSYS®</span> are feasible for sensitivity-based topology and sizing optimization. These acceleration
types are not supported for shape and bead optimization.
</p>
<p>The following commands are supported (In global Cartesian directions):</p>
<ul class = "ul">
<li class = "li"><code class = "ph codeph">ACEL</code> specifies the linear acceleration of the structure.</li>
<li class = "li"><code class = "ph codeph">OMEGA</code> specifies the rotational velocity of the structure.</li>
<li class = "li"><code class = "ph codeph">DOMEGA</code> specifies the rotational acceleration of the structure.</li>
</ul>
<p>The following commands are supported (About another reference coordinate system):</p>
<ul class = "ul">
<li class = "li"><code class = "ph codeph">CGLOC</code> specifies the origin location of the acceleration coordinate system.</li>
<li class = "li"><code class = "ph codeph">CGOMEGA</code> specifies the rotational velocity of the global origin.</li>
<li class = "li"><code class = "ph codeph">DCGOMG</code> specifies the rotational acceleration of the global origin.</li>
</ul>
<p>The following commands are supported (For element components):</p>
<ul class = "ul">
<li class = "li"><code class = "ph codeph">CMDOMEGA</code> specifies the rotational acceleration of an element component about a user-defined rotational axis.</li>
<li class = "li"><code class = "ph codeph">CMOMEGA</code> specifies the rotational velocity of an element component about a user-defined rotational axis.</li>
</ul>
<div class = "note collapse"><span class = "run-in.note">Note:
    		</span><span class = "notecontent"><p>
<ul class = "ul">
<li class = "li">Applying lumped mass matrices can be enforced using <code class = "ph codeph">LUMPM,OFF</code></li>
<li class = "li">Applying consistent mass matrices can be enforced using <code class = "ph codeph">LUMPM,ON</code></li>
</ul>
</p></span></div>

</div>


<div class = "section" id = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt-mpi"><p><map name = "FPMap1"><area href = "#hj-top" title = "Back to Top" shape = "rect" coords = "416, 0, 435, 10"/></map><span class = "itemsprite"/></p><h2 class = "title sectiontitle">Multi CPU-Processors (MPI) in Combination with Sensitivity-Based Topology Optimization</h2>

<p><span class = "ph">Tosca</span> Limitations:</p>
<table class = "Remark" id = "table132"><tr><td class = "Remark"><span class = "run-in.important">Important:
				</span><span class = "notecontent"><p>
<ul class = "ul">
<li class = "li">
There are <span class = "ph">ANSYS®</span> elements (for example, MPC184)
that are not supported during <span class = "ph">ANSYS®</span> MPI
(or the so called Distributed ANSYS) run. Those elements are not allowed when using
<span class = "ph">Tosca</span> with
<span class = "ph">ANSYS®</span> MPI.
</li>
<li class = "li">
There are <span class = "ph">ANSYS®</span> commands (for example, PSOLVE, ELFORM) that are not supported during <span class = "ph">ANSYS®</span> MPI run.
Thus <span class = "ph">ANSYS®</span> fails to deliver all results requested by
<span class = "ph">Tosca Structure</span> sensitivity-based topology optimization when an
<span class = "ph">ANSYS®</span> analysis is executed in Distributed mode in combination with
<span class = "ph">Tosca Structure</span> sensitivity-based topology optimization. <span class = "ph">ANSYS®</span>
failing to deliver all results requested by <span class = "ph">Tosca Structure</span>
sensitivity-based topology optimization is solved by adding the following in the <code class = "ph codeph">OPT_PARAM</code> command in the ".par" file,
</li>
</ul>
</p>
</span></td></tr></table>


<pre class = "codeblock">
<code class = "ph codeph">
OPT_PARAM
  ....
  PROCESSORS = MULTI
  ....

END_
</code>
</pre>
<p>
<ul class = "ul">
<li class = "li">Default is <code class = "ph codeph">PROCESSORS = SINGLE</code>.</li>
<li class = "li">Design responses for reaction forces and internal forces cannot be applied when <code class = "ph codeph">PROCESSORS = MULTI</code> is activated.</li>
</ul>
</p>
</div>


<div class = "section" id = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt-nonlin"><p><map name = "FPMap1"><area href = "#hj-top" title = "Back to Top" shape = "rect" coords = "416, 0, 435, 10"/></map><span class = "itemsprite"/></p><h2 class = "title sectiontitle">Nonlinear Sensitivity-Based Optimizations (<span class = "ph">ANSYS®</span> 14 Required)</h2>

<p>
Displacements, internal and reaction forces, and stress values (that is, all design responses except
for compliance) extracted from nonlinear static analysis require information (pseudo loads) from
<span class = "ph">ANSYS®</span>
perturbation steps for sensitivity-based optimization. These perturbation analyses are only available in
<span class = "ph">ANSYS®</span>
14 or newer and allow for the elements enlisted in the table below.
</p>
<table class = "Remark" id = "table132"><tr><td class = "Remark"><span class = "run-in.important">Important:
				</span><span class = "notecontent"><p>
Nonlinear optimizations using pseudo loads with <span class = "ph">ANSYS®</span>
versions &lt; 14 are no longer supported. If you want to use this kind
of optimizations, make sure you are using at least <span class = "ph">ANSYS®</span> 14.
</p></span></td></tr></table>

<p>
Linear perturbations in <span class = "ph">ANSYS®</span>
currently only allow the following element types:
</p>

<table class = "table" id = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196"><caption/><colgroup><col/><col/></colgroup><thead class = "thead">
<tr class = "row">
<th class = "entry" id = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__1"><p>Category</p></th>
<th class = "entry" id = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__2"><p>Element Name</p></th>
</tr>
</thead><tbody class = "tbody">
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__1"><p>Spars</p></td>
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__2"><p>LINK180</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__1"><p>Beams</p></td>
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__2"><p>BEAM188</p>
                      <p>BEAM189</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__1"><p>Pipes</p></td>
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__2"><p>PIPE288</p>
                      <p>PIPE289</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__1"><p>2D Solids</p></td>
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__2"><p>PLANE182</p>
                      <p>PLANE183</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__1"><p>3D Solids</p></td>
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__2"><p>SOLID185</p>
                      <p>SOLID186</p>
                      <p>SOLID187</p>
                      <p>SOLID285</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__1"><p>Shells</p></td>
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__2"><p>SHELL181</p>
                      <p>SHELL208</p>
                      <p>SHELL209</p>
                      <p>SHELL281</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__1"><p>Solid-Shell</p></td>
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__2"><p>SOLSH190</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__1"><p>Interface</p></td>
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__2"><p>INTER192</p>
                      <p>INTER193</p>
                      <p>INTER194</p>
                      <p>INTER195</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__1"><p>Contact</p></td>
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__2"><p>TARGE169</p>
                      <p>TARGE170</p>
                      <p>CONTA171</p>
                      <p>CONTA172</p>
                      <p>CONTA173</p>
                      <p>CONTA174</p>
                      <p>CONTA175</p>
                      <p>CONTA176</p>
                      <p>CONTA177</p>
                      <p>CONTA178</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__1"><p>Specialty <a class = "xref" href = "tso-c-usr-sizing-circBeams.htm" title = "A sizing feature is implemented for optimizing the radii of circular beams supporting optimization of lattice structures, welds, and other spatial structures consisting of circular beams. Only Abaqus and ANSYS® solvers are supported.">Sizing Optimization for Circular Beams</a></p></td>
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__2"><p>COMBIN14</p>
                      <p>MASS21</p>
                      <p>MATRIX27</p>
                      <p>COMBIN39(*)</p>
                      <p>SURF153</p>
                      <p>SURF154</p>
                      <p>SURF156</p>
                      <p>PRETS179</p>
                      <p>MPC184</p>
                      <p>MESH200</p>
                      <p>FOLLOW201</p>
                      <p>COMBI214</p>
                      <p>HSFLD241</p>
                      <p>HSFLD242</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__1 tso-c-usr-solver-ansys-remSensBasedOpt__ab1220196__entry__2" colspan = "2"><p>(*) support of this element type will be added in <span class = "ph">ANSYS®</span> 14.5</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>

<table class = "Remark" id = "table132"><tr><td class = "Remark"><span class = "run-in.important">Important:
				</span><span class = "notecontent"><p>
Other element types are not allowed in the model for nonlinear optimizations
using pseudo loads in <span class = "ph">Tosca Structure</span>.
</p></span></td></tr></table>

</div>


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