<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' ?>
<!DOCTYPE html
  SYSTEM "about:legacy-compat">
<html xmlns:mml = "http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" lang = "en"><head><meta charset = "UTF-8"/><meta name = "copyright" content = "(C) Copyright 2020"/><meta name = "DC.rights.owner" content = "(C) Copyright 2020"/><meta name = "DC.type" content = "concept"/><meta name = "abstract" content = "Within this section, supported materials are discussed."/><meta name = "description" content = "Within this section, supported materials are discussed."/><meta name = "DC.format" content = "HTML5"/><meta name = "DC.identifier" content = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat"/><meta name = "DC.language" content = "en"/><link rel = "stylesheet" type = "text/css" href = "../DSDocUI_XML34.css"/><title>Materials and Properties</title>
<script type = "text/javascript" src = "../DSDocUI_Highlight34.js">
  	/* */
  	</script></head><body onLoad = "highlightSearchTerms();" id = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat">
<a name = "hj-top"> </a><table class = "table1" id = "table11"><tr><td><table class = "DocHeader"><tr><td class = "DocHeader1" colspan = "2"><h1>Materials and Properties</h1></td></tr><tr><td class = "DocHeader4" colspan = "2"/></tr><tr><td class = "DocHeader3" colspan = "2"><table class = "DocThemeIntro" id = "table12"><tr><td class = "Intro1Only"><p class = "header"><p class = "abstract">
<span class = "shortdesc">Within this section, supported materials are discussed.</span>

</p>
<p>This page discusses: </p><ul><li><a href = "#tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat__tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat-topo" id = "toc_rg" title = "">Materials Allowed in Topology Optimizations</a></li><li><a href = "#tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat__tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat-shape" id = "toc_rg" title = "">Materials Allowed in Shape Optimization</a></li><li><a href = "#tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat__tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat-shprop" id = "toc_rg" title = "">Shell Property Definition Limitation</a></li><li><a href = "#tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat__tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat-bmprop" id = "toc_rg" title = "">Beam Property Definition Limitation</a></li><li><a href = "#tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat__tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat-rem" id = "toc_rg" title = "">Remark</a></li></ul>
</p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>




<div class = "body conbody">

<div class = "section" id = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat__tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat-topo"><h2 class = "title sectiontitle">Materials Allowed in Topology Optimizations</h2>

<p>
All linear, some nonlinear, constitutive, and anisotropic material
laws for <span class = "ph">Abaqus</span>
are supported as design elements:
</p>
<ul class = "ul">
<li class = "li">
Linear-elastic, isotropic material
<pre class = "codeblock">
<code class = "ph codeph">
*ELASTIC, TYPE=ISOTROPIC
</code>
</pre>
</li>
<li class = "li">
Linear-elastic, anisotropic material
<pre class = "codeblock">
<code class = "ph codeph">
*ELASTIC, TYPE=ENGINEERING CONSTANTS
*ELASTIC, TYPE=LAMINA
*ELASTIC, TYPE=ORTHOTROPIC
*ELASTIC, TYPE=ANISOTROPIC
</code>
</pre>
not supported as design elements:
<pre class = "codeblock">
<code class = "ph codeph">
*ELASTIC, TYPE=TRACTION
*ELASTIC, TYPE=COUPLED TRACTION
</code>
</pre>
</li>
<li class = "li">
Hyperelastic:
<p>
Some material cards of <code class = "ph codeph">*HYPERELASTIC</code>
are supported as design elements, see also the figure below.
<pre class = "codeblock">
<code class = "ph codeph">
 ARRUDA-BOYCE
 MOONEY-RIVLIN
 NEO HOOKE
 OGDEN
 POLYNOMIAL
 REDUCED POLYNOMIAL
 VAN DER WAALS
 YEOH
</code>
</pre>
<span class = "ph">Not</span> supported as design elements:
<pre class = "codeblock">
<code class = "ph codeph">
MARLOW
USER
</code>
</pre>
Using the <code class = "ph codeph">TEST DATA INPUT</code> parameter in <code class = "ph codeph">*HYPERELASTIC</code>
(that is usually followed by <code class = "ph codeph">*UNIAXIAL TEST DATA</code> or
other test data) is not allowed.
</p>
</li>
<li class = "li">
The material card <code class = "ph codeph">*PLASTIC</code> is supported as design
element, see also the figure below.  Supported for the type <code class = "ph codeph">HARDENING=ISOTROPIC</code>
(default). A main limitation is that each material point (gauss point)
is only allowed to be unloaded once and it should not be elastic-plastic
again.  Meaning that cyclic loading is not supported.</li>
<li class = "li"><code class = "ph codeph">*CONCRETE</code> is supported for design elements
</li>
<li class = "li">
The material card <code class = "ph codeph">*HYPOELASTIC</code> is support as design
element, see also figure the following figure.
</li>
</ul>

<table class = "table" id = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat__ab1162500"><caption/><colgroup><col/></colgroup><tbody class = "tbody">
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"><figure class = "fig fignone"><span class = "desc figdesc">Some of the *PLASTIC (a), *HYPOELASTIC (b) and *HYPERELASTIC (c) cards in <span class = "ph">Abaqus</span> are supported for design elements.</span>
<br/><img class = "image" src = "../TsoUserImages/solver_nonlinear_material_curves.png" width = "583" height = "131"/><br/></figure></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>

<ul class = "ul">
<li class = "li"> Dependency of temperature or other field variables (Parameter <code class = "ph codeph">DEPENDENCIES</code>).
</li>
</ul>
</div>

<div class = "section" id = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat__tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat-shape"><p><map name = "FPMap1"><area href = "#hj-top" title = "Back to Top" shape = "rect" coords = "416, 0, 435, 10"/></map><span class = "itemsprite"/></p><h2 class = "title sectiontitle">Materials Allowed in Shape Optimization</h2>

<ul class = "ul">
<li class = "li">All linear and nonlinear elastic materials:</li>
<li class = "li">
<pre class = "codeblock">
<code class = "ph codeph">
*ELASTIC
*HYPERELASTIC
*HYPERFOAM
*HYPOELASTIC
*POROUS ELASTIC
</code>
</pre></li>
<li class = "li">Plasticity</li>
<li class = "li">Dependency of temperature or other field variables (Parameter <code class = "ph codeph">DEPENDENCIES</code>).</li>
</ul>
</div>


<div class = "section" id = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat__tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat-shprop"><p><map name = "FPMap1"><area href = "#hj-top" title = "Back to Top" shape = "rect" coords = "416, 0, 435, 10"/></map><span class = "itemsprite"/></p><h2 class = "title sectiontitle">Shell Property Definition Limitation</h2>

   <dl class = "dl">
    
     <dt class = "dt dlterm">Topology &amp; Sizing Optimization</dt>
     <dd class = "dd">
      <p>The following section assignment for a design domain element(s) in topology or sizing
       optimization will cause an abort</p>
      <pre class = "codeblock">
<code class = "ph codeph">
*SHELL SECTION, NODAL THICKNESS = ...
*SHELL SECTION, SHELL THICKNESS = ...
</code>
</pre>
      <p>For topology and sizing optimization, only uniform shell thickness is allowed for the
       design domain elements. Composite shell sections with a <span class = "ph uicontrol">single</span> ply are
       also allowed.</p>
     </dd>
    
    
     <dt class = "dt dlterm">Shape Optimization</dt>
     <dd class = "dd">
      <p> For shape optimization, composite shell sections with multiple plies are supported. </p>
     </dd>
    
    
     <dt class = "dt dlterm">Bead Optimization</dt>
     <dd class = "dd">
      <p> For shape optimization, composite shell sections with multiple plies are supported. </p>
      <p>Also supported are single value thickness and offset definitions per <code class = "ph codeph">*SHELL
        SECTION</code>,no distribution definitions.</p>
      <p>Example of supported offset definition:</p>
      <p><code class = "ph codeph">*SHELL SECTION, ..., OFFSET = &lt;numeric&gt; | SPOS | SNEG</code></p>
     </dd>
    
   </dl>
</div>


<div class = "section" id = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat__tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat-bmprop"><p><map name = "FPMap1"><area href = "#hj-top" title = "Back to Top" shape = "rect" coords = "416, 0, 435, 10"/></map><span class = "itemsprite"/></p><h2 class = "title sectiontitle">Beam Property Definition Limitation</h2>

<p>For topology and sizing optimization, elements with <code class = "ph codeph">*BEAM GENERAL SECTION</code> property are not allowed in the design domain.
A work-around is to define an equivalent <code class = "ph codeph">*BEAM SECTION</code> property for these elements or to remove them from the optimization domain.</p>
</div>


<div class = "section" id = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat__tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-mat-rem"><p><map name = "FPMap1"><area href = "#hj-top" title = "Back to Top" shape = "rect" coords = "416, 0, 435, 10"/></map><span class = "itemsprite"/></p><h2 class = "title sectiontitle">Remark</h2>

<p>The use of nonlinear materials in an optimization is only permitted
for users of the <span class = "ph">Tosca Structure.nonlinear</span>.
license. This applies for the commands and parameters below:</p>
<pre class = "codeblock">
<code class = "ph codeph">
*CONCRETE
*HYPERELASTIC
*HYPERFOAM
*HYPOELASTIC
*PLASTIC
*POROUSELASTIC
*VISCOELASTIC
</code>
</pre>
<p>If no license is held for this mode, the optimization stops once the parameters
or commands listed above are used. This does not apply if a linear perturbation step is used.</p>
</div>

</div>

</td></tr></table><script type = "text/javascript" src = "../DSDocUI_Bottom34.js">/* */</script></body>
</html>
