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<a name = "hj-top"> </a><table class = "table1" id = "table11"><tr><td><table class = "DocHeader"><tr><td class = "DocHeader1" colspan = "2"><h1> Shape Optimization</h1></td></tr><tr><td class = "DocHeader4" colspan = "2"/></tr><tr><td class = "DocHeader3" colspan = "2"><table class = "DocThemeIntro" id = "table12"><tr><td class = "Intro1"><p class = "header"><p class = "abstract">
    <span class = "shortdesc">Shape optimization allows specific detail improvements of
existing designs. Through shape optimization the surface geometry of
a given model is modified automatically to avoid material failure and
increase durability or comfort. </span>

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</p><hr class = "header"/></td></tr><tr><td class = "Intro2"><span class = "run-in">In this section:</span><br/><ul class = "ulthemes"><li><a title = "Shape optimization is mostly used at the end of the design process when the general layout of a component is more or less fixed and only minor changes and improvements are allowed." href = "tso-c-usr-shape-genInf.htm">General Information</a></li><li><a title = "Tosca Structure.shape is a module to improve the final shape of a structure. For this task, Tosca Structure provides two algorithms: controller-based shape optimization (SHAPE_CONTROLLER) and sensitivity-based shape optimization (SHAPE_SENSITIVITY)" href = "tso-m-usr-shape-optTask-sb.htm">Optimization Task</a></li><li><a title = "In shape optimization the form of the component is changed. The change in form is achieved by moving the surface or a part of the component surface. The surface area of the component that can be changed is called the design area. The design area is defined using a node group consisting of design nodes. The current position of a design node in a design cycle is derived by superimposing the position of the node in the start model with an optimization displacement vector. These displacements might be restricted by design variable constraints to ensure certain geometric properties of the component. Further, nodes in an area surrounding the design nodes might be moved to ensure mesh quality for the FE calculation (Mesh smooth area)." href = "tso-m-usr-shape-desArea-sb.htm">Design Area</a></li><li><a title = "The objective function describes the optimization target. It is a function that maps into the scalar space and is to be maximized or minimized. Dependent on the type of optimization there are different objective functions to choose from." href = "tso-m-usr-shape-objective-sb.htm">Objective Function</a></li><li><a title = "Allowed constraints for shape optimization." href = "tso-m-usr-shape-constraints-sb.htm">Constraints</a></li><li><a title = "The section describes the typical optimization tasks for linear or nonlinear static analysis." href = "tso-m-usr-shape-staAna-sb.htm">Typical Optimization Tasks for Static Analysis</a></li><li><a title = "Tosca Structure.shape is used for the optimization of already detailed designs. Thus, a detailed and realistic analysis model is required for reliable optimization results. SIMULIA Tosca Structure allows optimization in combination of nonlinear or contact analysis to avoid error prone model simplifications. This chapter describes these advanced features used for shape optimization." href = "tso-m-usr-shape-advanced-sb.htm">Advanced Tosca Structure.shape Optimizations</a></li><li><a title = "Shape optimization in Tosca Structure has been given numerous default settings that deliver satisfying results for a variety of optimization models. Usually, these default settings do not need to be changed by the user. However, using a specific configuration for a given optimization task can lead to an improved optimization procedure." href = "tso-m-usr-shape-settings-sb.htm">Settings</a></li><li><a title = "After the definition of the optimization task, all definitions should be checked for completeness and correctness. This can be done using a TEST_SHAPE run, which performs a &#34;virtual optimization&#34; with fictitious displacements." href = "tso-c-usr-shape-testShape.htm">Check run (TEST_SHAPE)</a></li><li><a title = "With Tosca Structure.morph it is possible to apply changes to certain areas, so called morph areas, by moving the nodes of these morph areas. This can be used, for example, to automatically generate several model variants and submit analysis runs for these models. Further it allows to study the simultaneous influence of changes in the morph areas on certain design responses defining the quality of the design. These design responses are normally used to formulate optimization targets and constraints. Based on these quality criteria an optimum start design for a subsequent local shape optimization can be derived. Note, morphing is a new feature within Tosca Structure implemented to access more optimization potential. At this point not all practical requirements might be considered yet. We appreciate your feedback to continuously improve our user interfaces and workflow." href = "tso-m-usr-shape-morphing-sb.htm">Morphing</a></li><li><a title = "Stop conditions are necessary to ensure that the optimization terminates. These stop criteria can either simply allow a certain number of loops or depend on the convergence behavior of the optimization." href = "tso-m-usr-shape-StopCond-sb.htm">Stop Condition</a></li><li><a title = "Within this section, some useful references are summarized." href = "tso-c-usr-shape-ref.htm">References</a></li></ul></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

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