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<a name = "hj-top"> </a><table class = "table1" id = "table11"><tr><td><table class = "DocHeader"><tr><td class = "DocHeader1" colspan = "2"><h1>Purpose of Shape Optimization in Combination of Durability Analysis</h1></td></tr><tr><td class = "DocHeader4" colspan = "2"/></tr><tr><td class = "DocHeader3" colspan = "2"><table class = "DocThemeIntro" id = "table12"><tr><td class = "Intro1Only"><p class = "shortdesc">Shape optimization allows specific detail improvements of existing designs.
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<p> Through shape optimization, the surface geometry of a given model is modified automatically to
    avoid material failure and increase durability or comfort. Often
    stress reduction already leads to a significant increase in
    durability. Nevertheless for realistic models, stress peaks as
    identified by static analysis might differ largely from areas of
    maximum damage. In these cases, stress-based shape optimization
    might even worsen the design performance. If the locations of
    maximum damage and maximum stress do not match, fatigue life
    simulation should always be included in the optimization
    loop.</p>
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