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<a name = "hj-top"> </a><table class = "table1" id = "table11"><tr><td><table class = "DocHeader"><tr><td class = "DocHeader1" colspan = "2"><h1>DVCON_SIZING</h1></td></tr><tr><td class = "DocHeader4" colspan = "2"/></tr><tr><td class = "DocHeader3" colspan = "2"><table class = "DocThemeIntro" id = "table12"><tr><td class = "Intro1Only"><p class = "header"><p class = "abstract">
<span class = "shortdesc">Defines restrictions of the design variables in sizing optimization.</span>

</p>
<p>This page discusses: </p><ul><li><a href = "#tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing__tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing-thicknessBounds" id = "toc_rg" title = "">Items for CHECK_TYPE = THICKNESS_BOUNDS</a></li><li><a href = "#tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing__tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing-clusterGroups" id = "toc_rg" title = "">Items for CHECK_TYPE = CLUSTER_GROUPS</a></li><li><a href = "#tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing__tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing-minMem" id = "toc_rg" title = "">Items for CHECK_TYPE = MIN_CLUSTER_WIDTH</a></li><li><a href = "#tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing__tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing-linkSizing" id = "toc_rg" title = "">Items for CHECK_TYPE = LINK_SIZING</a></li><li><a href = "#tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing__tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing-Discrete" id = "toc_rg" title = "">Items for CHECK_TYPE = DISCRETE</a></li><li><a href = "#tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing__tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing-rmk" id = "toc_rg" title = "">Remarks</a></li><li><a href = "#tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing__tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing-expl" id = "toc_rg" title = "">Examples</a></li></ul>
</p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>




<div class = "body refbody">
<table class = "table"><caption/><colgroup><col/><col/><col/></colgroup><tbody class = "tbody">
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"><p><span class = "ph uicontrol">ID_NAME</span></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>= <code class = "ph codeph">&lt;name_of_dvcon_sizing&gt;</code></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>Name of the <code class = "ph codeph">DVCON_SIZING</code> definition.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"><p><span class = "ph uicontrol">EL_GROUP</span></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>= <var class = "keyword varname varname">&lt;name_of_element_group&gt;</var></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>Name of an element group already defined with which <code class = "ph codeph">DVCON_SIZING</code> should react.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"><p><span class = "ph uicontrol">CHECK_TYPE</span></p></td>
<td class = "entry"/>
<td class = "entry"/>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"/>
<td class = "entry"><p>= FROZEN</p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>All elements of the element group <var class = "keyword varname varname">&lt;name_of_element_group&gt;</var> do not undergo
        any changes during optimization.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"/>
<td class = "entry"><p>= THICKNESS_BOUNDS</p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>Upper and lower bounds (relative or absolute) for shell thickness.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"/>
<td class = "entry"><p>= CLUSTER_GROUPS</p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>Clustering of shell elements with the same shell thickness. Several <code class = "ph codeph">EL_GROUP</code> items can be defined with this <code class = "ph codeph">CHECK_TYPE</code>.</p></td>
</tr>

<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"/>
<td class = "entry"><p>= MIN_CLUSTER_WIDTH</p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>Minimum width filter (definition of the minimum width of structures of same shell thickness created by sizing).</p></td>
</tr>

<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"/>
<td class = "entry"><p>= LINK_SIZING</p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>Definition of symmetry and link conditions.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"/>
<td class = "entry"><p>= DISCRETE</p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>Restrict design variables to be discrete by the end of optimization. A list with discrete values should be provided by the user.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>

<div class = "section" id = "tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing__tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing-thicknessBounds"><h2 class = "title sectiontitle">Items for CHECK_TYPE = THICKNESS_BOUNDS</h2>

<table class = "table"><caption/><colgroup><col/><col/><col/></colgroup><tbody class = "tbody">
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"><p><span class = "ph uicontrol">MAGNITUDE</span></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>= REL</p><p>= ABS</p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>Relative (relative x start value) or absolute value for choice of shell thickness.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"><p><span class = "ph uicontrol">LOWER_BOUND</span></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>=<code class = "ph codeph">&lt;lower_bound&gt;</code></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>Lower bound for shell thickness. For <code class = "ph codeph">MAGNITUDE=REL</code> the lowest value for shell thickness is <code class = "ph codeph">lower_bound x initial_shell_thickness</code>.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"><p><span class = "ph uicontrol">UPPER_BOUND</span></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>=<code class = "ph codeph">&lt;upper_bound&gt;</code></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>Upper bound for shell thickness. For <code class = "ph codeph">MAGNITUDE=REL</code> the highest value for shell thickness is <code class = "ph codeph">upper_bound x initial_shell_thickness</code>.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>


<div class = "section" id = "tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing__tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing-clusterGroups"><p><map name = "FPMap1"><area href = "#hj-top" title = "Back to Top" shape = "rect" coords = "416, 0, 435, 10"/></map><span class = "itemsprite"/></p><h2 class = "title sectiontitle">Items for CHECK_TYPE = CLUSTER_GROUPS</h2>

<table class = "table"><caption/><colgroup><col/><col/><col/></colgroup><tbody class = "tbody">
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"><p><span class = "ph uicontrol">EL_GROUP</span> </p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>= <var class = "keyword varname varname">&lt;name_of_element_group&gt;</var></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>Can be applied several times to assign multiple groups.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>


<div class = "section" id = "tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing__tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing-minMem"><p><map name = "FPMap1"><area href = "#hj-top" title = "Back to Top" shape = "rect" coords = "416, 0, 435, 10"/></map><span class = "itemsprite"/></p><h2 class = "title sectiontitle">Items for CHECK_TYPE = MIN_CLUSTER_WIDTH</h2>

<table class = "table"><caption/><colgroup><col/><col/><col/></colgroup><tbody class = "tbody">
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"><p><span class = "ph uicontrol">WIDTH</span> </p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>= <code class = "ph codeph">&lt;width&gt;</code></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>Minimum width of the structure.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>






<div class = "section" id = "tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing__tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing-linkSizing"><p><map name = "FPMap1"><area href = "#hj-top" title = "Back to Top" shape = "rect" coords = "416, 0, 435, 10"/></map><span class = "itemsprite"/></p><h2 class = "title sectiontitle">Items for CHECK_TYPE = LINK_SIZING</h2>

<table class = "table"><caption/><colgroup><col/><col/><col/></colgroup><tbody class = "tbody">
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"><p><span class = "ph uicontrol">CHECK_LINK</span></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>= <var class = "keyword varname varname">&lt;name_of_link_sizing&gt;</var></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>Reference of the corresponding <code class = "ph codeph">LINK_SIZING</code> definition.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"><p>RADIUS</p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>= <code class = "ph codeph">&lt;radius&gt;</code></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>Radius value: should be about 50% of the average element edge length, if specified.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>


<div class = "section" id = "tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing__tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing-Discrete"><p><map name = "FPMap1"><area href = "#hj-top" title = "Back to Top" shape = "rect" coords = "416, 0, 435, 10"/></map><span class = "itemsprite"/></p><h2 class = "title sectiontitle">Items for CHECK_TYPE = DISCRETE</h2>

<table class = "table"><caption/><colgroup><col/><col/><col/></colgroup><tbody class = "tbody">
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"><p><span class = "ph uicontrol">DISCR_LIST_FILE </span></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>= <var class = "keyword varname varname">&lt;file_name.csv&gt;</var></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>Name of the file containing the discrete range. This is a mandatory parameter. Only one file is allowed inside the <code class = "ph codeph">DISCRETE</code> block. This file should contain only one labeled column with arbitrary length. </p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"><p><span class = "ph uicontrol">DISCR_CYCLE</span></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>= <var class = "keyword varname varname">&lt;integer_value&gt;</var></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>Initial cycles to be allowed before constraining. Optional, set enough cycles to achieve partial convergence.
(9-15 is a good choice.)
</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"><p><span class = "ph uicontrol">DISCR_INTERVAL</span></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>= <var class = "keyword varname varname">&lt;integer_value&gt;</var></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>Cycles between the fixing of DVs. Optional, set enough cycles to allow the solution to converge again.
(3-10 is a good choice.)
</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"><p><span class = "ph uicontrol">DISCR_FRACTION </span></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>= <var class = "keyword varname varname">&lt;real_value&gt;</var></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>Maximum fraction of the DVs to be fixed in one iteration. Optional, can be set in range 0-1.
(0.1-0.3 is a good choice.)
</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class = "row">
<td class = "entry"><p><span class = "ph uicontrol">DISCR_CHANGE </span></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>= <var class = "keyword varname varname">&lt;real_value&gt;</var></p></td>
<td class = "entry"><p>The maximum allowed change in the individual DVs over two iterations. DVs with changes below the
                                                  threshold are considered to be converged and
                                                  remain fixed for the rest of the optimization. The
                                                  item is optional. Set to small values (0.001, 0.1)
                                                  for accurate results and to very large values
                                                  (&gt;10) for fast and guaranteed convergence.
                                                  However, for small values, the number of
                                                  iterations cannot be estimated.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>


<div class = "section" id = "tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing__tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing-rmk"><p><map name = "FPMap1"><area href = "#hj-top" title = "Back to Top" shape = "rect" coords = "416, 0, 435, 10"/></map><span class = "itemsprite"/></p><h2 class = "title sectiontitle">Remarks</h2>

<ol class = "ol">
<li class = "li">The element group that should be restricted must be a subset of the referenced element group of
      <code class = "ph codeph">DV_SIZING</code>; all elements that should be restricted must lie in this
     design area.</li>
<li class = "li">For <code class = "ph codeph">CHECK_TYPE = THICKNESS_BOUNDS</code>, relative values (positive real values) can be used to create lower and upper bounds based on the initial shell thickness. In this case, the shell thicknesses can vary between <code class = "ph codeph">&lt;lower_bound x initial_thickness&gt;</code> and <code class = "ph codeph">&lt;upper_bound x initial_thickness&gt;</code>.</li>
<li class = "li">The combination of a minimum member size constraint and a maximum member size constraint is not
     allowed. Use the <code class = "ph codeph">MIN_WIDTH</code> parameter in the maximum member size constraint
     instead.</li>
</ol>
</div>


<div class = "section" id = "tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing__tso-r-cmd-dvconSizing-expl"><p><map name = "FPMap1"><area href = "#hj-top" title = "Back to Top" shape = "rect" coords = "416, 0, 435, 10"/></map><span class = "itemsprite"/></p><h2 class = "title sectiontitle">Examples</h2>

<pre class = "codeblock">
<code class = "ph codeph">DVCON_SIZING
 ID_NAME     = my_dvcon_sizing_01
 EL_GROUP    = <var class = "keyword varname varname">my_element_group</var>
 CHECK_TYPE  = THICKNESS_BOUNDS
 MAGNITUDE   = REL
 LOWER_BOUND = 0.8
 UPPER_BOUND = 1.2
END_

DVCON_SIZING
 ID_NAME    = my_dvcon_sizing_02
 EL_GROUP   = <var class = "keyword varname varname">my_element_group1</var>
 EL_GROUP   = <var class = "keyword varname varname">my_element_group2</var>
 CHECK_TYPE = CLUSTER_GROUPS
END_
</code>
</pre>
</div>

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