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<a name = "hj-top"> </a><table class = "table1" id = "table11"><tr><td><table class = "DocHeader"><tr><td class = "DocHeader1" colspan = "2"><h1>Coordinate Systems</h1></td></tr><tr><td class = "DocHeader4" colspan = "2"/></tr><tr><td class = "DocHeader3" colspan = "2"><table class = "DocThemeIntro" id = "table12"><tr><td class = "Intro1Only"><p class = "header"><p class = "abstract">
<span class = "shortdesc">
  Treatment of different coordinate systems, which are available
  in <span class = "ph">Abaqus</span> is discussed within this section. </span>

</p>

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<div class = "body conbody">
<p>In <span class = "ph">Abaqus</span>,
different coordinate systems can be defined using the commands <code class = "ph codeph">*SYSTEM,
*TRANSFORM</code> and <code class = "ph codeph">*ORIENTATION</code>.</p>
<p>The <code class = "ph codeph">*SYSTEM</code> option is used to determine the axes
of the nodes in the local coordinate system. The coordinate systems (rectangular
Cartesian, cylindrical, or spherical) are each set with the option
<code class = "ph codeph">*NODE</code> with the parameter <code class = "ph codeph">SYSTEM</code> during
the node definition.</p>
<p>The <code class = "ph codeph">*TRANSFORM</code> option is used to define a local displacement
coordinate system of a node group. For example, this can be used to define boundary
conditions.</p>
<p>The <code class = "ph codeph">*ORIENTATION</code> command is used to define a local
coordinate system for the definition of material or element properties.</p>
<p><span class = "ph">SIMULIA Tosca Structure</span>
requires that coordinate systems are applied for selecting and defining
restrictions. As the same coordinate system is usually used in both the
definition of the model and in the definition of the optimization task, the
coordinate systems are loaded from the optimization preprocessor and are therefore available in the
parameter definition. However not all types available in <span class = "ph">Abaqus</span>
are supported by <span class = "ph">SIMULIA Tosca Structure</span>.
Which combinations can be used in the parameter file is shown in the following table:</p>
<table class = "table"><caption/><colgroup><col/><col/><col/><col/></colgroup><thead class = "thead">
      <tr class = "row">
        <th class = "entry" id = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-cos__entry__1">
        </th>
        <th class = "entry" id = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-cos__entry__2">
          <p><code class = "ph codeph">*SYSTEM</code></p>
        </th>
        <th class = "entry" id = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-cos__entry__3">
          <p><code class = "ph codeph">*TRANSFORM</code></p>
        </th>
        <th class = "entry" id = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-cos__entry__4">
          <p><code class = "ph codeph">*ORIENTATION</code></p>
        </th>
      </tr>
    </thead><tbody class = "tbody">
      <tr class = "row">
        <td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-cos__entry__1">
          <p>Cartesian</p>
        </td>
        <td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-cos__entry__2">
          <p>Supported</p>
        </td>
        <td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-cos__entry__3">
          <p>Supported</p>
        </td>
        <td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-cos__entry__4">
          <p>Not supported</p>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr class = "row">
        <td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-cos__entry__1">
          <p>Cylindrical</p>
        </td>
        <td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-cos__entry__2">
          <p>Supported</p>
        </td>
        <td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-cos__entry__3">
          <p>Not supported</p>
        </td>
        <td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-cos__entry__4">
          <p>Not supported</p>
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr class = "row">
        <td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-cos__entry__1">
          <p>Spherical</p>
        </td>
        <td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-cos__entry__2">
          <p>Supported</p>
        </td>
        <td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-cos__entry__3">
          <p>Not supported</p>
        </td>
        <td class = "entry" headers = "tso-c-usr-solver-abaqus-cos__entry__4">
          <p>Not supported</p>
        </td>
      </tr>
    </tbody></table>
<p>This concerns only coordinate systems, which are referenced in the parameter file. As long as they are not used in the optimization definition, all types can be present in the model.</p>
<p>No <code class = "ph codeph">ID</code> or name is assigned to coordinate systems in
<span class = "ph">Abaqus</span>.
Therefore, <span class = "ph">SIMULIA Tosca Structure</span>
numbers them consecutively according to their order of appearance and
labels them as <code class = "ph codeph">CS_&lt;nr&gt;</code>. The numeration begins
with 1 as the name <code class = "ph codeph">CS_0</code> is reserved for the standard
global Cartesian coordinate system provided by <span class = "ph">SIMULIA Tosca Structure</span>.
Therefore, the first coordinate system from the input file has the name
<code class = "ph codeph">CS_1</code>. All defined coordinate systems (with the command
<code class = "ph codeph">*SYSTEM</code>) are first considered in the numeration and
afterward the displacement coordinate systems (with the command<code class = "ph codeph">
*TRANSFORM</code>) are considered.</p>
<p>The importance of the name allocation of the coordinate systems must
be considered when defining a separate coordinate system in the parameter
file. The numbered prefix <code class = "ph codeph">CS_</code> should not be used at
the start of the separate coordinate system in order to prevent the redefinition
(and therefore invalid definition) of a name.</p>
</div>

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